Dye soap



Patented Dec. 14, 19 26.. v

UNITED STATE WOLF KnITcHnvsKY AND HAROLD 'o. P-RUTSMAN, or CHICAGO, 11.1mm;

DYE

No Drawing. App1ication filed May 5.

Our invention relates to chemicals for coloring fabrics, and particularly to a compound having the combined functions of a dye and a detergent. i

A product consisting of a mixture of a dye and ordinary soap has been n t11e market for many years, the substance performing its combined functions in a partially satisfactory mannerybut subject to numerous objectlons that are inherent in the materials employed. For example: When a compound such as described is used in a hard water solution,- a scumyvill in-- yariably form onthe surface of the liquid especially after the addition of salt, andthe particles composing the scum will adhere to the fabric and particularly to the seams.

' thereof. This scum is formed due to the phonated oil withouteifecting any Q impossible .to obtain heavy or saturated dye-.

ing. This objection is particularly noticeable relative to heavy cotton fabrics, asv the I dye does not penetrate and '-'the' operation results in streaked or superficial dyeing. ,It is practically impossible to dye wool fabrics with the ordinary dye soaps as the dye does not penetrate, and rubs o One of the 'funda ental objections to a dye soap as at present manufactured and sold isitstendency to dry out while 1n the hands of dealers, the water evaporatingas anatural consequence of exposure of the soap to the air, thereby rendering the'product less soluble. Furthermore,' dye soaps made from ordinary soapshave a great disadvantage of decom osing, and liberating free fatty acid, if t ey are mixed with dyes, which contain any percentage of free acid of the dye.

0dr improvement contemplates the use of a soap that differs from that inordinary use, that is composedof saponified fatty acids or oils. We employ a detergent which is sulphonated soap, made of sulphonated ATENT emu,

N As'smivons I, TO WILLIAM orrnon, TRUSTEE, or CHICAGO, I-LLmoIs soar.

1926. Serial no. maaeaoils that have-been'sa-ponified. mix

ture with this material eliminates the "defects and yobjec'tions heretofore pointed out 3- scum'on the surface, the dye will penetrate all kinds of fabrics and 'avoid streaked or. surface coloring; willhgivefull-shades vwith dark colors; will not dry out while in the hands of dealers, and will not liberate fattyacid when combined with a dye'that ispartially or wholly a free acid; "sulphonated.

soaps are stable toward dilute acids, and

also lime and magnesium salts present in hard water, which .is not the case .with ordinary soaps.

The sulphonat'ed soap differs radically Q from *ordinary, soap as. 'well as from sul-' phonated oil.- Itis a distinctchemlcal unit.

havingthe properties of both soap'and sulphonated oil which properties cannot be duplicated in a mixture of common soap and ulphonated oil.

-T e' acidic group ofordinary soap is a carboxy group (GOOH) the general formula of soap be ng: R CO OX, iniwhich R represents any hydrocarbon radical orde-v I I rivative thereof, and X any alkaline metal like'sodium, potasium or ammonianf Sulphonated oil, on the other hand, is the result of the treatmentof .castor or other oils with sulphuric acid, being .a} sulphonic acid derivative of the-oil an-dthe fat. In

sulphonated oil, the acidic oup, isa sulphonic acid grou' and has t e general fori 8 X, Y' representing the glycerine, R the hydrocarbon or derivative,

and X- any metal. 1 Thus, there is no free carboxy group in the sulphonate'd oil as it is phonic acid group in common soap.

The sulphonated soap esterified by glycerine, and there'is no sulhas both the-car boxy group salt and the sulphonic acid group salt, the general formulabeing:

X-SO R-COOX, X representing any metal and R carbon radical or its derivative. It is noted that both acid radicals arerintegralparts of the compound and cannot be separated or the hydrosplit off without changing the characterisp tics of the finished product.

Inthe manufacture of the product, 'we I melt, or grind without ,melting,a specified have been found to pending wholly upon the requirements of the finished product.

It is not essential that previously prepared sulphonated soap, be used, as it is possible to treat the required vamount ofsulphonated oil by adding to it the proper amount of alkali necessary to hydrolyze olf the glyeerine from the fatty acids. It is then heated until saponification is complete, and the dye, added.

Besides dye and sulphonated soap, we may use other ingredients to assist in dye ing or to restrict the dye from attacking certain fabrics or to make it liquid or-solid as desired. It can be combined with common salt, Glaubers salt, tartar emetic or other dye assistants, hydrocarbons, alcohol, or other organic compounds, or even a certain amount of plain soap or sulphonated oil to obtain the required consistency.

The dye may be of different classes. \Ve may use acid, basic or direct dyes, depend ing on Whether the product is to be used to dye silk, cotton or mixed goods. Of course, the desired shades will be obtained by proper mixing -of colors. Specific examples that be practical and satisfactory may be made up as follows, the proportions being, by Weight:

1. 30% sulphonated soap,

common salt, 20% direct black.

sulphonated soap,

'merely instructiy'e dye assistants, tillers, etc. are

2. 20% sulphonated soap, 5% fast red A, 75% ammonium sulphate.

3. 10% sulphonated soap, 30% alcohol. 58% Water.

4. 95% sulphonated soap, 5% rhodamine "2% patent blue,

5. 5 sulphonated soap, 5% cyanone blue R, 5% diazo black BH, 40% sodium lactate.

It is understood that in the preparation of any of the commercial oils or fatty acids may be used. It is also understood that the examples given are and not limitations as to the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is indicated in the appended claims. 7

We claim l. A dye soap' comprising sulphonatei'l soap, and dye. 1

2. .A dye soap comprising sulphonated soap, a dye and a dye assistant.

3. A ye soap comprising sulphonated soap, a dye and a solvent.

4. A dye soap comprising a sulphonated soap, a dye; and a filler. i

5. A dye soap consisting of a sulphonated soap, dye, dye assistant, solvent and filler.

6. A. dye soap consisting of a dye and a soap, the general formula of the soap being:

SO X COOX where R represents a hydrocarbon and X a metal.

In testimony whereof we have afiixed our signatures.

WOLF KRITCHEVSKY. HAROLD C. PRUTSMAN. 

